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During the Second World War, individuals of German and Italian ancestry in the United States faced increased heightened suspicion and prejudice, and some experienced wartime confinement. Moreover, after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, heightened wartime anxieties and long-standing anti-Asian prejudice led the U.S. government to remove forcibly nearly 120,000 Japanese and Japanese Americans from the West Coast, incarcerating adults and children, immigrants and U.S. citizens, in prison camps throughout the U.S. West. And as civil rights movements of the late twentieth century highlighted connections between oppressed “Third World” peoples, and those experiencing racism and discrimination in the United States, some American-born service members from historically underrepresented groups found themselves identifying more with oppressed populations in foreign lands than their fellow Americans, largely given the second-class treatment they experienced daily in the United States. The biographies highlighted here help us to understand the nuances and complexities of “knowing your enemy.”